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Vocabulary, Grammar and Punctuation Expectations

Year 1

Vocabularly

  • Leaving spaces between words
  • Joining words and joining clauses using ‘and’

Grammar

  • Regular plural noun suffixes (-s, -es)
  • Verb suffixes where root word is unchanged (-ing, -ed, -er)
  • ‘un-‘ prefix to change meaning of adjectives/adverbs
  • To combine words to make sentences, including using ‘and’
  • Sequencing sentences to form short narratives
  • Separation of words with spaces
  • Sentence demarcation ( . ! ? )
  • Capital letters for names and pronoun ‘I’

Punctuation

  • Beginning to punctuate sentences using a capital letter and a full stop, question mark or exclamation mark
  • Using a capital letter for names of people, places, the days of the week, and the personal pronoun ‘I’.

Grammatical Terminology

  • Letter
  • Capital letter
  • Word
  • Singular
  • Plural
  • Sentence
  • Punctuation
  • Full stop
  • Question mark
  • Exclamation mark

 Year 2

Vocabulary

  • Expanded noun phrases to describe and specify

Grammar

  • Sentences with different form: statement, question, exclamation, command
  • The present and past tenses correctly and consistently including the progressive form
  • Subordination (using when, if, that, or because) and co-ordination (using or, and or but)
  • Some features of written Standard English
  • Suffixes to form new words (-ful, -er, -ness)
  • Sentence demarcation
  • Commas in lists
  • Apostrophes for omission and singular possession

Punctuation

  • Learning how to use both familiar and new punctuation correctly, including full stop, capital letters, exclamation marks, question marks, commas for lists and apostrophes for contracted forms and the possessive (singular)

Grammatical Terminology

  • Noun
  • Noun phrase
  • Statement
  • Question
  • Exclamation
  • Command
  • Compound
  • Adjective
  • Verb
  • Suffix
  • Adverb
  • Tense (past, present)
  • Apostrophe
  • Comma

 Year 3

Vocabulary

  • Extending the range of sentences with more than one clause by using a wider range of conjunctions, including when, if, because, although
  • Choosing nouns or pronouns appropriately for clarity and cohesion to avoid repetition
  • Using conjunctions, adverbs and prepositions to express time and cause (and place)

Grammar

  • Using the present perfect form of verbs in contrast to the past tense
  • Form nouns using prefixes (super-, anti-)
  • Use the correct form of ‘a’ or ‘an’
  • Word families based on common words (solve, solution, dissolve, insoluble)

Punctuation

  • Using and punctuating direct speech (i.e. inverted commas)

Grammatical Terminology

  • Adverb
  • Preposition
  • Conjunction
  • Word family
  • Prefix
  • Clause
  • Subordinate clause
  • Direct speech
  • Consonant
  • Consonant letter
  • Vowel
  • Vowel letter
  • Inverted commas (or ‘speech marks’)

 Year 4

Vocabulary

  • Extending the range of sentences with more than one clause by using a wider range of conjunctions, including when, if, because, although
  • Choosing nouns or pronouns appropriately for clarity and cohesion to avoid repetition

Grammar

  • Using fronted adverbials
  • Difference between plural and possessive –s
  • Standard English verb inflections (I did vs I done)
  • Extended noun phrases, including with prepositions
  • Appropriate choice of pronoun or noun to create cohesion

Punctuation

  • Using commas after fronted adverbials
  • Indicating possession by using the possessive apostrophe with singular and plural nouns
  • Using and punctuating direct speech (including punctuation within and surrounding inverted commas)

Grammatical Terminology

  • Determiner
  • Pronoun
  • Possessive pronoun
  • Adverbial  

 Year 5

Vocabulary

  • Use a thesaurus
  • Using expanded noun phrases to convey complicated information concisely
  • Using modal verbs or adverbs to indicate degrees of possibility

Grammar

  • Using the perfect form of verbs to mark relationships of time and cause
  • Using relative clauses beginning with who, which, where, when, whose, that or with an implied (i.e. omitted) relative pronoun
  • Converting nouns or adjectives into verbs
  • Verb prefixes
  • Devices to build cohesion, including adverbials of time, place and number

Punctuation

  • Using commas to clarify meaning or avoid ambiguity in writing
  • Using brackets, dashes or commas to indicate parenthesis

Grammatical Terminology

  • Modal verb
  • Relative pronoun
  • Relative clause
  • Parenthesis
  • Bracket
  • Dash
  • Cohesion
  • Ambiguity

 Year 6

Vocabulary

  • Use a thesaurus
  • Using expanded noun phrases to convey complicated information concisely
  • Using modal verbs or adverbs to indicate degrees of possibility

Grammar

  • Recognising vocabulary and structures that are appropriate for formal speech and writing, including subjunctive forms
  • Using passive verbs to affect the presentation of information in a sentence
  • Using the perfect form of verbs to mark relationships of time and cause
  • Differences in informal and formal language
  • Synonyms and antonyms
  • Further cohesive devices such as grammatical connections and adverbials
  • Use of ellipses

Punctuation

  • Using hyphens to avoid ambiguity
  • Using semicolons, colons or dashes to mark boundaries between independent clauses
  • Using a colon to introduce a list
  • Punctuating bullet points consistently

Grammatical Terminology

  • Subject
  • Object
  • Active
  • Passive
  • Synonym
  • Antonym
  • Ellipses
  • Hyphen
  • Colon
  • Semi-colon
  • Bullet points